Apse: a large semicircular polygonal recess arched or with a doomed roof.
Arcade: succession of arches, each counter thrusting the next, supported by columns or piers; or covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. Exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians when weather conditions are not ideal.
Arch: a curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and typically supporting the weight of a bridge, roof, or wall above it.
Architrave: a main beam resting across the tops of columns, specifically the lower third entablature.
Asymmetry: lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something. Not identical on both sides of a central line.
Awning: a sheet of canvas or other material stretched on a frame and used to keep the sun or rain off a storefront, window, doorway, or deck.
Axis: an imaginary straight line passing through the center of a symmetrical solid, and about which a plane figure can be conceived as rotating to generate the solid.
Baluster: a short pillar or column, typically decorative in design, in a series of supporting a rail or coping.
Balustrade: a railing supported by balusters, esp. an ornamental fortification on a balcony, bridge, or terrace.
Brise Soleil: a screen, usually louvered, placed on the outside of a building to shield the winders from direct sunlight.
Buttress: a support built against a wall to reinforce it.
Came: A slender rod of cast lead, with or without grooves, used in casements and stained-glass windows to hold the panes or pieces of glass together
Capital: Forms the topmost member of a column. It mediate between the columns and the load thrust down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface.
Colonnade: a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building.
Column: structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
Corbel: structure piece of stone, wood or metal extruding from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight. Also a type of bracket.
Cornice: any horizontal decorative molding that crowns a building or furniture element.
Pediment: a low triangular gable outlined by a horizontal cornice below sloping cornice above, surmounting a colonnade, an end wall, or a major division of a facade.
Pilaster: an architectural element in classical architecture used to give the appearance of a support columns and to articulate an extent of, with only an ornamental function.
Portico: a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported but columns or enclosed by a wall.
Quoin: blocks at the corner of a wall. They exist to provide actual strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble and in other cases to make a feature of a corner. This creates an impression of permanence and strength, and reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.
Rake: a horizontal molded projected that crowns or completes a building or wall.
Rosette: round stylized flower designed used extensively in sculptural objects from antiquity.
Sexfoil: an ornamental design having six leaves or petals radiating from a common center.
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